List of countries by income equality
This is a list of countries or dependencies by income inequality metrics, including Gini coefficients. The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds with perfect equality (where everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds with perfect inequality (where one person has all the income—and everyone else has no income).
Income distribution can vary greatly from wealth distribution in a country (see List of countries by wealth inequality). Income from black market economic activity is not included and is the subject of current economic research.[2][3]
UN, World Bank and CIA list – income ratios and Gini indices
- Row numbers are static. Other columns are sortable. This allows ranking of any column.
Key:
- R/P 10%
- The ratio of the average income of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%.
- R/P 20%
- The ratio of the average income of the richest 20% to the poorest 20%.
- Gini
- Gini index, a quantified representation of a nation's Lorenz curve. A Gini index of 0% expresses perfect equality, while index of 100% expresses maximal inequality.
- UN
- Data from the United Nations Development Programme.
- CIA
- Data from the Central Intelligence Agency's The World Factbook.
Country | Subregion | Region | UN R/P | CIA R/P[4] | World Bank Gini[5][6] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10%[4] | 20%[7] | 10% | Year | % | Year | |||
Albania | Southern Europe | Europe | 7.2 | 4.2 | 7.2 | 2004 | 29.4 | 2020 |
Algeria | Northern Africa | Africa | 9.6 | 4.0 | 9.6 | 1995 | 27.6 | 2011 |
Angola | Middle Africa | Africa | 9.0 | 51.3 | 2018 | |||
Argentina | South America | Americas | 31.6 | 8.8 | 35.0 | 2007 | 40.7 | 2022 |
Armenia | Western Asia | Asia | 8.0 | 5.0 | 25.8 | 2004 | 27.9 | 2022 |
Australia | Australia, New Zealand | Oceania | 12.5 | 6.3 | 12.7 | 1994 | 34.3 | 2018 |
Austria | Western Europe | Europe | 6.9 | 4.9 | 6.8 | 2004 | 30.7 | 2021 |
Azerbaijan | Western Asia | Asia | 9.7 | 9.5 | 2001 | 26.6 | 2005 | |
Bangladesh | Southern Asia | Asia | 7.5 | 4.8 | 7.5 | 2000 | 33.4 | 2022 |
Belarus | Eastern Europe | Europe | 6.9 | 3.6 | 6.9 | 2002 | 24.4 | 2020 |
Belgium | Western Europe | Europe | 8.2 | 4.2 | 8.3 | 2000 | 26.6 | 2021 |
Belize | Central America | Americas | 28.8 | 19.9 | 2013 | 53.3 | 1999 | |
Benin | Western Africa | Africa | 9.4 | 16.3 | 9.4 | 2003 | 34.4 | 2021 |
Bhutan | Southern Asia | Asia | 6.6 | 28.5 | 2022 | |||
Bolivia | South America | Americas | 93.9 | 11.8 | 157.3 | 2002 | 40.9 | 2021 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Southern Europe | Europe | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 2001 | 33.0 | 2011 |
Botswana | Southern Africa | Africa | 43.0 | 15.0 | 53.3 | 2015 | ||
Brazil | South America | Americas | 16.5 | 21.1 | 16.3 | 2013 | 52.0 | 2022 |
Bulgaria | Eastern Europe | Europe | 7.0 | 7.3 | 8.8 | 2005 | 39.0 | 2021 |
Burkina Faso | Western Africa | Africa | 11.6 | 5.3 | 11.5 | 2003 | 37.4 | 2021 |
Burundi | Eastern Africa | Africa | 19.3 | 6.7 | 19.3 | 1998 | 37.5 | 2020 |
Cambodia | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 12.2 | 12.0 | 2004 | 36 | 2013 | |
Cameroon | Middle Africa | Africa | 15.7 | 11.5 | 15.4 | 2001 | 42.2 | 2021 |
Canada | Northern America | Americas | 9.4 | 6.2 | 9.5 | 2000 | 31.7 | 2019 |
Cape Verde | Western Africa | Africa | 10.7 | 42.4 | 2015 | |||
Central African Republic | Middle Africa | Africa | 69.2 | 18.5 | 68.1 | 1993 | 43.0 | 2021 |
Chad | Middle Africa | Africa | 10.0 | 37.4 | 2022 | |||
Chile | South America | Americas | 26.2 | 11.2 | 32.1 | 2003 | 43.0 | 2022 |
China | Eastern Asia | Asia | 21.6 | 10.2 | 21.8 | 2004 | 37.1 | 2020 |
Colombia | South America | Americas | 60.4 | 13.4 | 56.3 | 2008 | 54.8 | 2022 |
Comoros | Eastern Africa | Africa | 11.2 | 45.3 | 2014 | |||
DR Congo | Middle Africa | Africa | 8.8 | 44.7 | 2020 | |||
Congo | Middle Africa | Africa | 12.8 | 48.9 | 2011 | |||
Costa Rica | Central America | Americas | 23.4 | 12.3 | 37.3 | 2003 | 47.2 | 2022 |
Ivory Coast | Western Africa | Africa | 16.6 | 8.4 | 17.0 | 2002 | 35.3 | 2021 |
Croatia | Southern Europe | Europe | 7.3 | 5.3 | 7.2 | 2003 | 28.9 | 2021 |
Cyprus | Western Asia | Asia | 5.3 | 31.3 | 2021 | |||
Czech Republic | Eastern Europe | Europe | 5.2 | 3.7 | 5.2 | 1996 | 26.2 | 2021 |
Denmark | Northern Europe | Europe | 8.1 | 4.0 | 12.0 | 2000 | 28.3 | 2021 |
Djibouti | Eastern Africa | Africa | 8.8 | 41.6 | 2017 | |||
Dominican Republic | Caribbean | Americas | 25.3 | 10.5 | 18.8 | 2012 | 37.0 | 2022 |
Ecuador | South America | Americas | 35.2 | 10.7 | 17.5 | 2006 | 45.5 | 2022 |
Egypt | Northern Africa | Africa | 8.0 | 4.6 | 8.0 | 2000 | 31.9 | 2019 |
El Salvador | Central America | Americas | 38.6 | 7.0 | 55.4 | 2002 | 38.8 | 2022 |
Estonia | Northern Europe | Europe | 10.8 | 5.4 | 11.0 | 2003 | 31.8 | 2021 |
Eswatini | Southern Africa | Africa | 25.1 | 14.2 | 25.4 | 2001 | 54.6 | 2016 |
Ethiopia | Eastern Africa | Africa | 6.6 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 2000 | 35.0 | 2015 |
European Union | Europe | 8.6 | 2015 | 30.6 | 2012 | |||
Faroe Islands | Northern Europe | Europe | 22.71 | 2018 | ||||
Fiji | Melanesia | Oceania | 6.0 | 30.7 | 2019 | |||
Finland | Northern Europe | Europe | 5.6 | 3.9 | 5.7 | 2000 | 27.7 | 2021 |
France | Western Europe | Europe | 9.1 | 5.2 | 8.3 | 2004 | 31.5 | 2021 |
Gabon | Middle Africa | Africa | 7.4 | 38.0 | 2017 | |||
Gambia | Western Africa | Africa | 20.2 | 5.9 | 20.6 | 1998 | 38.8 | 2020 |
Georgia | Western Asia | Asia | 15.4 | 7.1 | 15.2 | 2003 | 34.2 | 2021 |
Germany | Western Europe | Europe | 6.9 | 5.1 | 6.9 | 2000 | 31.7 | 2019 |
Ghana | Western Africa | Africa | 14.1 | 10.3 | 13.7 | 1999 | 43.5 | 2016 |
Greece | Southern Europe | Europe | 10.2 | 7.1 | 10.4 | 2000 | 32.9 | 2021 |
Guatemala | Central America | Americas | 33.9 | 11.9 | 48.2 | 2002 | 48.3 | 2014 |
Guinea | Western Africa | Africa | 10.5 | 5.5 | 21.6 | 2006 | 29.6 | 2018 |
Guinea-Bissau | Western Africa | Africa | 19.0 | 12.6 | 84.8 | 1991 | 33.4 | 2021 |
Guyana | South America | Americas | 26.0 | 1999 | 45.1 | 1998 | ||
Haiti | Caribbean | Americas | 54.4 | 8.6 | 68.1 | 2001 | 41.1 | 2012 |
Honduras | Central America | Americas | 59.4 | 17.1 | 35.2 | 2003 | 48.2 | 2019 |
Hong Kong | Eastern Asia | Asia | 17.8 | 53.9 | 2016 | |||
Hungary | Eastern Europe | Europe | 5.5 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 2002 | 29.2 | 2021 |
Iceland | Northern Europe | Europe | 4.0 | 26.1 | 2017 | |||
India | Southern Asia | Asia | 8.6 | 5.5 | 8.6 | 2004 | 32.8 | 2021 |
Indonesia | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 7.8 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 2002 | 38.3 | 2023 |
Iran | Southern Asia | Asia | 17.2 | 7.7 | 16.9 | 1998 | 34.8 | 2022 |
Iraq | Western Asia | Asia | 4.4 | 29.5 | 2012 | |||
Ireland | Northern Europe | Europe | 9.4 | 5.0 | 9.4 | 2000 | 30.1 | 2021 |
Israel | Western Asia | Asia | 13.4 | 8.5 | 11.8 | 2005 | 37.9 | 2021 |
Italy | Southern Europe | Europe | 11.6 | 7.0 | 11.7 | 2000 | 34.8 | 2021 |
Jamaica | Caribbean | Americas | 17.3 | 17.0 | 2004 | 40.2 | 2021 | |
Japan | Eastern Asia | Asia | 4.5 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 1993 | 32.9 | 2013 |
Jordan | Western Asia | Asia | 11.3 | 5.2 | 11.3 | 2003 | 33.7 | 2010 |
Kazakhstan | Central Asia | Asia | 8.5 | 3.8 | 8.0 | 2004 | 29.2 | 2021 |
Kenya | Eastern Africa | Africa | 13.6 | 7.7 | 18.6 | 2000 | 38.7 | 2021 |
South Korea | Eastern Asia | Asia | 7.8 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 2011 | 31.4 | 2016 |
Kosovo | Eastern Europe | Europe | 29.0 | 2017 | ||||
Kyrgyzstan | Central Asia | Asia | 6.4 | 3.8 | 6.4 | 2003 | 28.8 | 2021 |
Laos | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 8.3 | 5.9 | 8.4 | 2002 | 38.8 | 2018 |
Latvia | Northern Europe | Europe | 11.6 | 5.8 | 11.6 | 2003 | 34.3 | 2021 |
Lebanon | Western Asia | Asia | 5.1 | 31.8 | 2011 | |||
Lesotho | Southern Africa | Africa | 39.8 | 20.8 | 48.2 | 2002 | 44.9 | 2017 |
Liberia | Western Africa | Africa | 12.8 | 5.9 | 35.3 | 2016 | ||
Lithuania | Northern Europe | Europe | 10.4 | 7.2 | 10.3 | 2003 | 36.7 | 2021 |
Luxembourg | Western Europe | Europe | 5.7 | 6.8 | 2000 | 32.7 | 2021 | |
Macau | Eastern Asia | Asia | 36.0 | 2018 | ||||
North Macedonia | Southern Europe | Europe | 12.5 | 7.3 | 12.3 | 2003 | 33.5 | 2019 |
Madagascar | Eastern Africa | Africa | 19.2 | 8.7 | 19.3 | 2001 | 42.6 | 2012 |
Malawi | Eastern Africa | Africa | 10.9 | 8.1 | 11.0 | 2004 | 38.5 | 2019 |
Malaysia | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 22.1 | 8.2 | 28.0 | 2003 | 40.7 | 2021 |
Maldives | Southern Asia | Asia | 7.0 | 29.3 | 2019 | |||
Mali | Western Africa | Africa | 12.5 | 5.2 | 12.6 | 2001 | 35.7 | 2021 |
Malta | Southern Europe | Europe | 4.5 | 31.4 | 2020 | |||
Mauritania | Western Africa | Africa | 12.0 | 5.4 | 11.8 | 2000 | 32.0 | 2019 |
Mauritius | Eastern Africa | Africa | 5.9 | 36.8 | 2017 | |||
Mexico | North America | Americas | 21.6 | 8.8 | 24.6 | 2004 | 43.5 | 2022 |
Micronesia | Micronesia | Oceania | 8.4 | 40.1 | 2013 | |||
Moldova | Eastern Europe | Europe | 8.2 | 3.6 | 8.3 | 2003 | 25.7 | 2021 |
Mongolia | Eastern Asia | Asia | 8.2 | 5.1 | 8.2 | 2002 | 31.4 | 2022 |
Montenegro | Southern Europe | Europe | 4.8 | 34.3 | 2021 | |||
Morocco | Northern Africa | Africa | 11.7 | 7.0 | 11.9 | 1999 | 39.5 | 2013 |
Mozambique | Eastern Africa | Africa | 18.8 | 14.2 | 18.8 | 2002 | 50.5 | 2019 |
Myanmar | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 6.3 | 11.6 | 1998 | 30.7 | 2017 | |
Namibia | Southern Africa | Africa | 106.6 | 22.8 | 129.0 | 2003 | 59.1 | 2015 |
Nepal | Southern Asia | Asia | 15.8 | 5.0 | 15.6 | 2004 | 32.8 | 2010 |
Netherlands | Western Europe | Europe | 9.2 | 4.2 | 9.2 | 1999 | 25.7 | 2021 |
New Zealand | Australia, New Zealand | Oceania | 12.4 | 33.9 | 2019 | |||
Nicaragua | Central America | Americas | 31.0 | 10.2 | 15.4 | 2001 | 46.2 | 2014 |
Niger | Western Africa | Africa | 46.0 | 5.4 | 44.3 | 1995 | 32.9 | 2021 |
Nigeria | Western Africa | Africa | 17.8 | 9.1 | 17.5 | 2003 | 35.1 | 2018 |
Norway | Northern Europe | Europe | 6.1 | 4.1 | 6.0 | 2000 | 27.7 | 2019 |
Pakistan | Southern Asia | Asia | 6.5 | 4.8 | 6.6 | 2002 | 29.6 | 2018 |
Panama | Central America | Americas | 49.9 | 15.9 | 61.4 | 2003 | 48.9 | 2023 |
Papua New Guinea | Melanesia | Oceania | 23.8 | 9.3 | 23.8 | 1996 | 41.9 | 2009 |
Paraguay | South America | Americas | 38.8 | 11.7 | 65.9 | 2003 | 45.1 | 2022 |
Peru | South America | Americas | 26.1 | 10.3 | 31.5 | 2003 | 40.3 | 2022 |
Philippines | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 15.5 | 7.2 | 15.5 | 2003 | 40.7 | 2021 |
Poland | Eastern Europe | Europe | 8.8 | 4.6 | 8.7 | 2002 | 28.5 | 2021 |
Portugal | Southern Europe | Europe | 15.0 | 6.4 | 9.2 | 1995 | 34.6 | 2021 |
Qatar | Western Asia | Asia | 41.1 | 2007 | ||||
Romania | Eastern Europe | Europe | 7.5 | 8.0 | 7.4 | 2003 | 33.9 | 2021 |
Russia | Eastern Europe | Europe | 12.7 | 6.6 | 12.8 | 2002 | 36.0 | 2020 |
Rwanda | Eastern Africa | Africa | 18.6 | 8.5 | 18.2 | 2000 | 43.7 | 2016 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | Middle Africa | Africa | 4.7 | 40.7 | 2017 | |||
Saudi Arabia | Western Asia | Asia | 45.9 | 2013 | ||||
Senegal | Western Africa | Africa | 12.3 | 7.7 | 12.4 | 2001 | 36.2 | 2021 |
Serbia | Southern Europe | Europe | 4.2 | 33.1 | 2021 | |||
Seychelles | Eastern Africa | Africa | 9.8 | 32.1 | 2018 | |||
Sierra Leone | Western Africa | Africa | 87.2 | 5.4 | 87.2 | 1989 | 35.7 | 2018 |
Singapore | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 17.7 | 17.3 | 1998 | 45.9 | 2017 | |
Slovakia | Eastern Europe | Europe | 6.7 | 4.1 | 6.7 | 1996 | 24.1 | 2021 |
Slovenia | Southern Europe | Europe | 5.9 | 3.7 | 5.9 | 1998 | 24.3 | 2021 |
Somalia | Eastern Africa | Africa | 36.8 | 2017 | ||||
South Africa | Southern Africa | Africa | 33.1 | 28.4 | 31.9 | 2000 | 63.0 | 2014 |
South Sudan | Eastern Africa | Africa | 13.0 | 44.1 | 2016 | |||
Spain | Southern Europe | Europe | 10.3 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 2000 | 33.9 | 2021 |
Sri Lanka | Southern Asia | Asia | 11.1 | 6.8 | 36.1 | 2003 | 37.7 | 2019 |
Saint Lucia | Caribbean | Americas | 6.8 | 51.2 | 2016 | |||
Sudan | Northern Africa | Africa | 6.2 | 34.2 | 2014 | |||
Suriname | South America | Americas | 39.2 | 2022 | ||||
Sweden | Northern Europe | Europe | 6.2 | 4.6 | 6.2 | 2000 | 29.8 | 2021 |
Switzerland | Western Europe | Europe | 9.0 | 5.2 | 8.9 | 2000 | 33.7 | 2020 |
Syria | Western Asia | Asia | 26.6 | 2022 | ||||
Taiwan | Eastern Asia | Asia | 6.1 | 2002 | 34.1 | 2017 | ||
Tajikistan | Central Asia | Asia | 7.8 | 5.6 | 7.8 | 2003 | 34.0 | 2015 |
Tanzania | Eastern Africa | Africa | 9.2 | 6.2 | 9.3 | 2000 | 40.5 | 2018 |
Thailand | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 12.6 | 6.0 | 12.4 | 2002 | 34.9 | 2021 |
East Timor | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 4.1 | 28.7 | 2014 | |||
Togo | Western Africa | Africa | 9.7 | 37.9 | 2021 | |||
Trinidad and Tobago | Caribbean | Americas | 12.9 | 40.3 | 1992 | |||
Tunisia | Northern Africa | Africa | 13.4 | 5.2 | 13.7 | 2000 | 33.7 | 2021 |
Turkey | Western Asia | Asia | 6.6 | 8.5 | 17.1 | 2003 | 44.4 | 2021 |
Turkmenistan | Central Asia | Asia | 12.3 | 12.2 | 1998 | 40.8 | 1998 | |
Uganda | Eastern Africa | Africa | 16.6 | 8.2 | 16.4 | 2002 | 42.7 | 2019 |
Ukraine | Eastern Europe | Europe | 5.9 | 3.5 | 7.6 | 2006 | 25.6 | 2020 |
United Arab Emirates | Western Asia | Asia | 26.0 | 2018 | ||||
United Kingdom | Northern Europe | Europe | 13.8 | 5.4 | 13.6 | 1999 | 32.4 | 2021 |
United States | Northern America | Americas | 18.5 | 9.4 | 14.0 | 2014 | 39.8 | 2021 |
Uruguay | South America | Americas | 11.8 | 7.8 | 17.9 | 2003 | 40.6 | 2022 |
Uzbekistan | Central Asia | Asia | 10.6 | 10.6 | 2003 | 31.2 | 2022 | |
Venezuela | South America | Americas | 18.8 | 15.8 | 50.3 | 2003 | 44.8 | 2006 |
Vietnam | South-eastern Asia | Asia | 6.9 | 6.2 | 10.0 | 2004 | 36.1 | 2022 |
Yemen | Western Asia | Asia | 8.6 | 6.1 | 8.6 | 2003 | 36.7 | 2014 |
Zambia | Eastern Africa | Africa | 21.1 | 51.5 | 2022 | |||
Zimbabwe | Eastern Africa | Africa | 8.6 | 50.3 | 2019 | |||
World | 38.0 | 2007 |
EU27 countries
Member state | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | 27.4 | 27.6 | 27.0 | 27.6 | 27.2 | 27.2 | 27.9 | 26.8 | 27.5 | 27.0 | 26.7 | 27.8 |
Belgium | 26.3 | 26.5 | 25.9 | 25.9 | 26.2 | 26.3 | 26.1 | 25.7 | 25.1 | 25.4 | 24.1 | 24.9 |
Bulgaria | 35.0 | 33.6 | 35.4 | 35.4 | 37.0 | 37.7 | 40.2 | 39.6 | 40.8 | 40.0 | 39.7 | 38.4 |
Croatia | 31.2 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.2 | 30.4 | 29.8 | 29.9 | 29.7 | 29.2 | 28.3 | 29.2 | 28.5 |
Cyprus | 29.2 | 31.0 | 32.4 | 34.8 | 33.6 | 32.1 | 30.8 | 29.1 | 31.1 | 29.3 | 29.4 | |
Czech Republic | 25.2 | 24.9 | 24.6 | 25.1 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 24.5 | 24.0 | 24.0 | 24.2 | 24.9 | 24.8 |
Denmark | 26.6 | 26.5 | 26.8 | 27.7 | 27.4 | 27.7 | 27.6 | 27.8 | 27.5 | 27.3 | 27.0 | 27.7 |
Estonia | 31.9 | 32.5 | 32.9 | 35.6 | 34.8 | 32.7 | 31.6 | 30.6 | 30.5 | 30.5 | 30.6 | 31.9 |
Finland | 25.8 | 25.9 | 25.4 | 25.6 | 25.2 | 25.4 | 25.3 | 25.9 | 26.2 | 26.5 | 25.7 | 26.6 |
France | 30.8 | 30.5 | 30.1 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.3 | 28.8 | 28.5 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.3 | |
Germany | 29.0 | 28.3 | 29.7 | 30.7 | 30.1 | 29.5 | 29.1 | 31.1 | 29.7 | 30.5 | 31.2 | 28.8 |
Greece | 33.5 | 34.3 | 34.4 | 34.5 | 34.2 | 34.3 | 33.4 | 32.3 | 31.0 | 31.4 | 32.4 | 31.4 |
Hungary | 26.9 | 27.2 | 28.3 | 28.6 | 28.2 | 28.2 | 28.1 | 28.7 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 27.6 | 27.4 |
Ireland | 29.8 | 30.4 | 30.7 | 31.1 | 29.7 | 29.6 | 30.6 | 28.9 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 26.9 | |
Italy | 32.5 | 32.4 | 32.8 | 32.4 | 32.4 | 33.1 | 32.7 | 33.4 | 32.8 | 32.5 | 32.9 | |
Latvia | 35.1 | 35.7 | 35.2 | 35.5 | 35.4 | 34.5 | 34.5 | 35.6 | 35.2 | 34.5 | 35.7 | 34.3 |
Lithuania | 33.0 | 32.0 | 34.6 | 35.0 | 37.9 | 37.0 | 37.6 | 36.9 | 35.4 | 35.1 | 35.4 | |
Luxembourg | 27.2 | 28.0 | 30.4 | 28.7 | 28.5 | 29.6 | 29.2 | 31.3 | 32.3 | 31.2 | 29.6 | |
Malta | 27.2 | 27.1 | 28.0 | 27.7 | 28.1 | 28.6 | 28.2 | 28.7 | 28.0 | 30.3 | 31.2 | |
Netherlands | 25.8 | 25.4 | 25.1 | 26.2 | 26.7 | 26.9 | 27.1 | 27.4 | 26.8 | 28.2 | 26.4 | 26.3 |
Poland | 31.1 | 30.9 | 30.7 | 30.8 | 30.6 | 29.8 | 29.2 | 27.8 | 28.5 | 27.2 | 26.8 | 26.3 |
Portugal | 34.2 | 34.5 | 34.2 | 34.5 | 34.0 | 33.9 | 33.5 | 32.1 | 31.9 | 31.2 | 33.0 | |
Romania | 33.5 | 34.0 | 34.6 | 35.0 | 37.4 | 34.7 | 33.1 | 35.1 | 34.8 | 33.8 | 34.3 | |
Slovakia | 25.7 | 25.3 | 24.2 | 26.1 | 23.7 | 24.3 | 23.2 | 20.9 | 22.8 | 20.9 | 21.8 | |
Slovenia | 23.8 | 23.7 | 24.4 | 25.0 | 24.5 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 23.4 | 23.9 | 23.5 | 23.0 | |
Spain | 34.0 | 34.2 | 33.7 | 34.7 | 34.6 | 34.5 | 34.1 | 33.2 | 33.0 | 32.1 | 33.0 | 32.0 |
Sweden | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.9 | 26.7 | 27.6 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 27.6 | 26.9 | 26.8 | |
Serbia[n 1] | — | — | 38.0 | 38.3 | 40.0 | 39.8 | 37.8 | 35.6 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | |
Montenegro[n 2][8] | — | — | 38.5 | 36.5 | 36.5 | 36.5 | 36.7 | 34.7 | 34.1 | 32.9 | ||
European Union | 30.5 | 30.4 | 30.6 | 30.9 | 30.8 | 30.6 | 30.3 | 30.4 | 30.2 | 30.0 | 30.1 | |
Eurozone (EA19) | 30.6 | 30.5 | 30.7 | 31.0 | 30.7 | 30.7 | 30.4 | 30.6 | 30.2 | 30.3 | 30.5 |
Note: Pink-coloured cells indicate a break in the time series. Blue-coloured cells indicate estimated values.
Source: Eurostat, “Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income - EU-SILC survey”[9]
OECD countries
Gini coefficient, before taxes and transfers
Country | Gini | Year |
---|---|---|
Australia | 0.441 | 2020 |
Austria | 0.486 | 2019 |
Belgium | 0.489 | 2019 |
Canada | 0.438 | 2020 |
Chile | 0.495 | 2017 |
Costa Rica | 0.551 | 2021 |
Czech Republic | 0.432 | 2019 |
Denmark | 0.445 | 2019 |
Estonia | 0.465 | 2019 |
Finland | 0.516 | 2020 |
France | 0.519 | 2019 |
Germany | 0.497 | 2019 |
Greece | 0.525 | 2019 |
Hungary | 0.463 | 2019 |
Iceland | 0.369 | 2017 |
Ireland | 0.520 | 2018 |
Israel | 0.449 | 2019 |
Italy | 0.511 | 2018 |
Japan | 0.570 | 2021 |
Latvia | 0.483 | 2020 |
Lithuania | 0.495 | 2019 |
Luxembourg | 0.490 | 2019 |
Mexico | 0.435 | 2020 |
Netherlands | 0.453 | 2020 |
New Zealand | 0.454 | 2020 |
Norway | 0.436 | 2020 |
Poland | 0.452 | 2018 |
Portugal | 0.511 | 2019 |
Slovakia | 0.383 | 2019 |
Slovenia | 0.444 | 2019 |
South Korea | 0.405 | 2020 |
Spain | 0.491 | 2019 |
Sweden | 0.433 | 2020 |
Switzerland | 0.402 | 2019 |
Turkey | 0.502 | 2019 |
United Kingdom | 0.507 | 2020 |
United States | 0.517 | 2021 |
Gini coefficient, after taxes and transfers
Country | Gini | Year |
---|---|---|
Australia | 0.318 | 2020 |
Austria | 0.274 | 2019 |
Belgium | 0.262 | 2019 |
Canada | 0.280 | 2020 |
Chile | 0.460 | 2017 |
Costa Rica | 0.487 | 2021 |
Czech Republic | 0.248 | 2019 |
Denmark | 0.268 | 2019 |
Estonia | 0.305 | 2019 |
Finland | 0.265 | 2020 |
France | 0.292 | 2019 |
Germany | 0.296 | 2019 |
Greece | 0.308 | 2019 |
Hungary | 0.286 | 2019 |
Iceland | 0.250 | 2017 |
Ireland | 0.292 | 2018 |
Israel | 0.342 | 2019 |
Italy | 0.330 | 2018 |
Japan | 0.381 | 2021 |
Latvia | 0.355 | 2020 |
Lithuania | 0.357 | 2019 |
Luxembourg | 0.305 | 2019 |
Mexico | 0.420 | 2020 |
Netherlands | 0.304 | 2020 |
New Zealand | 0.320 | 2020 |
Norway | 0.263 | 2020 |
Poland | 0.281 | 2018 |
Portugal | 0.310 | 2019 |
Slovakia | 0.222 | 2019 |
Slovenia | 0.246 | 2019 |
South Korea | 0.331 | 2020 |
Spain | 0.320 | 2019 |
Sweden | 0.276 | 2020 |
Switzerland | 0.316 | 2019 |
Turkey | 0.415 | 2019 |
United Kingdom | 0.355 | 2020 |
United States | 0.375 | 2021 |
See also
- Income inequality
- Economic mobility
- Economic inequality
- Wealth inequality in the United States
- List of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
- List of sovereign states by percentage of population living in poverty
- List of countries by share of income of the richest one percent
Notes
- ^ Serbia is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
- ^ Montenegro is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
References
- ^ "Gini index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2022-04-23.
- ^ Underground economy and income inequality: two connected aspects in the oncoming context of Italian federalism Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. By Iacopo Odoardi and Carmen Pagliari. Vol. 15 No. 1, 2011 Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. Global & Local Economic Review.
- ^ The Size of the Shadow Economies of 145 Countries all over the World: First Results over the Period 1999 to 2003. December 2004. By Friedrich Schneider (University of Linz and IZA Bonn). Institute for the Study of Labor.
- ^ a b Monino, Jean-Louis; Sedkaoui, Soraya (2016-03-11). Data Development Mechanisms. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 43–72. doi:10.1002/9781119285199.ch3. ISBN 978-1-119-28519-9. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
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ignored (help) - ^ "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". World Bank. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ "Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-24.
- ^ "Human Development Reports". UNDP. Retrieved 2019-03-04.
- ^ GINI Index for Montenegro (Report). 18 January 2018.
- ^ "Statistics | Eurostat". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2023-09-06.
- ^ "Income Distribution Database". OECD.org. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved December 23, 2022. Measure: Gini (market income, before taxes and transfers)
- ^ "Japan records its second-worst income disparity as society ages". asahi.com. The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved August 23, 2023. Measure: Gini (market income, before taxes and transfers)
- ^ "Income Distribution Database". OECD.org. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved December 23, 2022. Measure: Gini (disposable income, post taxes and transfers)
- ^ "Japan records its second-worst income disparity as society ages". asahi.com. The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved August 23, 2023. Measure: Gini (market income, before taxes and transfers)
Further reading
- "An Overview of Growing Income Inequalities in OECD Countries: Main Findings" (PDF). Divided We Stand: Why Inequality Keeps Growing. OECD Publishing. December 2011. ISBN 978-92-64-11163-9. Retrieved 6 December 2011. This book released with two titles, depending on country of publication. However, the ISBN remains the same.
- "Fed's Brainard Says Middle Class Squeeze Poses Risks to Economy". Bloomberg News. May 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2019. USA's Gini index is now .482 according to Federal Reserve Governor Lael Brainard.
External links
- Global Peace Index Map of Gini data for 2007–2010
- Shadow economies all over the world : new estimates for 162 countries from 1999 to 2007. Friedrich Schneider, Andreas Buehn, Claudio E. Montenegro. July 2010. World Bank.
- Allianz Global Wealth Report 2018.
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- Nominal per capita
- PPP per capita
- Average wage
- Employee compensation (per hour)
- List of countries by median wage
- Minimum wages
investment position (NIIP)